Citizen / General public
Researcher
Student / Future student
Company
Public partner
Journalist
Teacher / Pupil

The evolution of the Earth’s atmosphere studied using impact craters

An international team shows that rocks from the hydrothermal system formed following the impact of the Rochechouart asteroid around 200 million years ago contain traces of the atmosphere of that period in the Earth's history.

The evolution of the Earth’s atmosphere studied using impact craters

Artist's view of an asteroid crashing into Earth © Freepik

Publication date: 25/09/2023

Press, Research

Tracking the evolution of the composition of the Earth’s atmosphere allows following the entire geological history of our planet. However, geological samples that have trapped atmospheric signals are extremely rare.

An international team of researchers led by Guillaume Avice (IPGP-Université Paris Cité, CNRS), in collaboration with the University of Queensland (Australia), the University of Lorraine and the Natural History Museum in Vienna (Austria), shows that rocks from the hydrothermal system formed following the Rochechouart asteroid impact (France) some 200 Ma ago contain traces of the atmosphere from that period of Earth’s history.

Agate nodule (concretion of silica layers) formed by the circulation of fluids in the Rochechouart crater. Red bar = 1 cm. © Avice et al., EPSL 2023
Fluid inclusions contained in the Rochechouart samples. Some contain a liquid phase (liq.) and a gaseous phase in the form of a bubble (vap.). The largest inclusion is twenty micrometres wide. © Avice et al., EPSL 2023

Measurements of the elemental and isotopic composition of noble gases show that the atmospheric signal is essentially pure, and Argon-Argon dating confirms the age of this atmospheric signal.

Impact craters are therefore new targets for understanding the evolution of the Earth’s atmosphere over the long term, bearing in mind that a better knowledge of the past atmosphere is important for understanding future variations, particularly in the case of climate change.

Ref: G. Avice, M.A. Kendrick, A. Richard, L. Ferrière, Ancient atmospheric noble gases preserved in post-impact hydrothermal minerals of the 200 Ma-old Rochechouart impact structure, France, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 620, 2023, DOI: 10.1016/j.epsl.2023.118351.

Latest news
Yann Klinger awarded ERC Advanced Grant 2023
Yann Klinger awarded ERC Advanced Grant 2023
Yann Klinger, CNRS Research Director and head of the Tectonics and Mechanics of the Lithosphere team at the IPGP, has been awarded the prestigious Eur...
Meteorites and magnetism in comics!
Meteorites and magnetism in comics!
To make it easier to communicate her research subject, a researcher from the IPGP and MIT has teamed up with an illustrator, herself a geophysicist, t...
The NanoMagSat mission gets go-ahead from ESA!
The NanoMagSat mission gets go-ahead from ESA!
The Programme Board for Earth Observation of the European Space Agency (ESA) has just decided to proceed with the NanoMagSat mission. This mission, in...
Razvan Caracas receives the Dana Medal from the Mineralogical Society of America
Razvan Caracas receives the Dana Medal from the Mineralogical Society of America
Razvan Caracas is a CNRS Senior Researcher in the Cosmochemistry, Astrophysics and Experimental Geochemistry team at the IPGP. He received the Dana Me...